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Giulio Carlo, Count Fagnano, and Marquis de Toschi, born at Sinigaglia on Dec. 6, 1682, and died on Sept. 26, 1766, may be said to have been the first writer who directed attention to the theory of elliptic functions. Failing to rectify the ellipse or hyperbola, Fagnano attempted to determine arcs whose difference should be rectifiable. He also pointed out the remarkable analogy existing between the integrals which represent the arc of a circle and the arc of a lemniscate.
It was inevitable that some mathematicians should object to methods of analysis founded on the infinitesimal calculus. The most prominent of these were Viviani, De la Hire, and Rolle, whose names were mentioned at the close of chapter XV.
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