Top: Science: Energy: Bioenergy: Terminology: T

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Therm

A unit of energy equal to 100,000 Btus (= 105.5 MJ); used primarily for natural gas.


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Thermochemical conversion

Use of heat to chemically change substances from one state to another, e.g. to make useful energy products.


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Tipping fee

A fee for disposal of waste.


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Ton, tonne

One U.S. ton (short ton) = 2,000 pounds. One Imperial ton (long ton or shipping ton) = 2,240 pounds. One metric tonne (tonne) = 1,000 kilograms (2,205 pounds). One oven-dry ton or tonne (ODT, sometimes termed bone-dry ton/tonne) is the amount of wood that weighs one ton/tonne at 0% moisture content. One green ton/tonne refers to the weight of undried (fresh) biomass material - moisture content must be specified if green weight is used as a fuel measure.


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Topping cycle

A cogeneration system in which electric power is produced first. The reject heat from power production is then used to produce useful process heat.


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Topping and back pressure turbines

Turbines which operate at exhaust pressure considerably higher than atmospheric (noncondensing turbines). These turbines are often multistage types with relatively high efficiency.


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Transmission

The process of long-distance transport of electrical energy, generally accomplished by raising the electric current to high voltages.


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Traveling grate

A type of furnace in which assembled links of grates are joined together in a perpetual belt arrangement. Fuel is fed in at one end and ash is discharged at the other.


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Turbine

A machine for converting the heat energy in steam or high temperature gas into mechanical energy. In a turbine, a high velocity flow of steam or gas passes through successive rows of radial blades fastened to a central shaft.


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Turn down ratio

The lowest load at which a boiler will operate efficiently as compared to the boiler's maximum design load. 



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