Enzymes that recognize a specific sequence of double-stranded DNA and cut the DNA at that site. Restriction enzymes are often referred to as molecular scissors.
(RFLP) Genetic variations at the site where a restriction enzyme cuts a piece of DNA. Such variations affect the size of the resulting fragments. These sequences can be used as markers on physical maps and linkage maps. RFLP is also pronounced "rif" lip.
A type of virus that contains RNA as its genetic material. The RNA of the virus is translated into DNA, which inserts itself into an infected cell's own DNA. Retroviruses can cause many diseases, including some cancers and AIDS.
(RNA) A chemical similar to a single strand of DNA. In RNA, the letter U, which stands for uracil, is substituted for T in the genetic code. RNA delivers DNA's genetic message to the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.
An educational process through which a genetic counselor attempts to interpret how a genetic condition is inherited and the chances that it might be passed on to children.